Revise support for quoted identifiers in SimpleJdbcInsert

Closes gh-31208

spring-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/jdbc/core/metadata/TableMetaDataContext.java

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ public class TableMetaDataContext {
 		if (schemaName != null) {
 			if (quoting) {
 				insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
-				insertStatement.append(this.metaDataProvider.schemaNameToUse(schemaName));
+				insertStatement.append(schemaName);
 				insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
 			}
 			else {
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ public class TableMetaDataContext {
 		String tableName = getTableName();
 		if (quoting) {
 			insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
-			insertStatement.append(this.metaDataProvider.tableNameToUse(tableName));
+			insertStatement.append(tableName);
 			insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
 		}
 		else {
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ public class TableMetaDataContext {
 				}
 				if (quoting) {
 					insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
-					insertStatement.append(this.metaDataProvider.columnNameToUse(columnName));
+					insertStatement.append(columnName);
 					insertStatement.append(identifierQuoteString);
 				}
 				else {

spring-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/jdbc/core/simple/AbstractJdbcInsert.java

@@ -275,6 +275,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractJdbcInsert {
 			if (getTableName() == null) {
 				throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Table name is required");
 			}
+			if (isQuoteIdentifiers() && this.declaredColumns.isEmpty()) {
+				throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
+						"Explicit column names must be provided when using quoted identifiers");
+			}
 			try {
 				this.jdbcTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
 			}

spring-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/jdbc/core/simple/SimpleJdbcInsertOperations.java

@@ -73,9 +73,23 @@ public interface SimpleJdbcInsertOperations {
 	 * <p>If this method is invoked, the identifier quote string for the underlying
 	 * database will be used to quote SQL identifiers in generated SQL statements.
 	 * In this context, SQL identifiers refer to schema, table, and column names.
+	 * <p>When identifiers are quoted, explicit column names must be supplied via
+	 * {@link #usingColumns(String...)}. Furthermore, all identifiers for the
+	 * schema name, table name, and column names must match the corresponding
+	 * identifiers in the database's metadata regarding casing (mixed case,
+	 * uppercase, or lowercase).
 	 * @return this {@code SimpleJdbcInsert} (for method chaining)
 	 * @since 6.1
+	 * @see #withSchemaName(String)
+	 * @see #withTableName(String)
+	 * @see #usingColumns(String...)
 	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#getIdentifierQuoteString()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesMixedCaseIdentifiers()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesMixedCaseQuotedIdentifiers()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesUpperCaseIdentifiers()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesUpperCaseQuotedIdentifiers()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesLowerCaseIdentifiers()
+	 * @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#storesLowerCaseQuotedIdentifiers()
 	 */
 	SimpleJdbcInsertOperations usingQuotedIdentifiers();
 

spring-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/jdbc/core/simple/SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests.java

@@ -56,25 +56,13 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests {
 			insertJaneSmith(insert);
 		}
 
-		@Test  //  gh-24013
-		void retrieveColumnNamesFromMetadataAndUsingQuotedIdentifiers() throws Exception {
-			SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(embeddedDatabase)
-					.withTableName("users")
-					.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id")
-					.usingQuotedIdentifiers();
-
-			insert.compile();
-			// NOTE: quoted identifiers in H2/HSQL will be UPPERCASE!
-			assertThat(insert.getInsertString()).isEqualTo("INSERT INTO \"USERS\" (\"FIRST_NAME\", \"LAST_NAME\") VALUES(?, ?)");
-
-			insertJaneSmith(insert);
-		}
-
 		@Test
 		void usingColumns() {
 			SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(embeddedDatabase)
+					.withoutTableColumnMetaDataAccess()
 					.withTableName("users")
-					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name");
+					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name")
+					.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id");
 
 			insert.compile();
 			assertThat(insert.getInsertString()).isEqualTo("INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name) VALUES(?, ?)");
@@ -84,13 +72,16 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests {
 
 		@Test  // gh-24013
 		void usingColumnsAndQuotedIdentifiers() throws Exception {
+			// NOTE: unquoted identifiers in H2/HSQL must be converted to UPPERCASE
+			// since that's how they are stored in the DB metadata.
 			SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(embeddedDatabase)
-					.withTableName("users")
-					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name")
+					.withoutTableColumnMetaDataAccess()
+					.withTableName("USERS")
+					.usingColumns("FIRST_NAME", "LAST_NAME")
+					.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id")
 					.usingQuotedIdentifiers();
 
 			insert.compile();
-			// NOTE: quoted identifiers in H2/HSQL will be UPPERCASE!
 			assertThat(insert.getInsertString()).isEqualToIgnoringNewLines("""
 					INSERT INTO "USERS" ("FIRST_NAME", "LAST_NAME") VALUES(?, ?)
 					""");
@@ -116,9 +107,11 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests {
 		@Test
 		void usingColumnsWithSchemaName() {
 			SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(embeddedDatabase)
+					.withoutTableColumnMetaDataAccess()
 					.withSchemaName("my_schema")
 					.withTableName("users")
-					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name");
+					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name")
+					.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id");
 
 			insert.compile();
 			assertThat(insert.getInsertString()).isEqualTo("INSERT INTO my_schema.users (first_name, last_name) VALUES(?, ?)");
@@ -128,14 +121,17 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests {
 
 		@Test  // gh-24013
 		void usingColumnsAndQuotedIdentifiersWithSchemaName() throws Exception {
+			// NOTE: unquoted identifiers in H2/HSQL must be converted to UPPERCASE
+			// since that's how they are stored in the DB metadata.
 			SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(embeddedDatabase)
-					.withSchemaName("my_schema")
-					.withTableName("users")
-					.usingColumns("first_name", "last_name")
+					.withoutTableColumnMetaDataAccess()
+					.withSchemaName("MY_SCHEMA")
+					.withTableName("USERS")
+					.usingColumns("FIRST_NAME", "LAST_NAME")
+					.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id")
 					.usingQuotedIdentifiers();
 
 			insert.compile();
-			// NOTE: quoted identifiers in H2/HSQL will be UPPERCASE!
 			assertThat(insert.getInsertString()).isEqualToIgnoringNewLines("""
 					INSERT INTO "MY_SCHEMA"."USERS" ("FIRST_NAME", "LAST_NAME") VALUES(?, ?)
 					""");
@@ -182,7 +178,8 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertIntegrationTests {
 		}
 
 		protected void insertJaneSmith(SimpleJdbcInsert insert) {
-			insert.execute(Map.of("first_name", "Jane", "last_name", "Smith"));
+			Number id = insert.executeAndReturnKey(Map.of("first_name", "Jane", "last_name", "Smith"));
+			assertThat(id.intValue()).isEqualTo(2);
 			assertNumUsers(2);
 		}
 

spring-jdbc/src/test/java/org/springframework/jdbc/core/simple/SimpleJdbcInsertTests.java

@@ -77,6 +77,20 @@ class SimpleJdbcInsertTests {
 		connection.close();
 	}
 
+	@Test  // gh-24013 and gh-31208
+	void usingQuotedIdentifiersWithoutSupplyingColumnNames() throws Exception {
+		SimpleJdbcInsert insert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(dataSource)
+				.withTableName("my_table")
+				.usingQuotedIdentifiers();
+
+		assertThatExceptionOfType(InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException.class)
+				.isThrownBy(insert::compile)
+				.withMessage("Explicit column names must be provided when using quoted identifiers");
+
+		// Appease the @AfterEach checks.
+		connection.close();
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * This method does not test any functionality but rather only that
 	 * configuration methods can be chained without compiler errors.