Refine null-safety in more modules

This commit refines the null-safety in all remaining modules
except spring-test.

See gh-32475

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/target/LazyInitTargetSource.java

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ public class LazyInitTargetSource extends AbstractBeanFactoryBasedTargetSource {
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public synchronized Object getTarget() throws BeansException {
 		if (this.target == null) {
 			this.target = getBeanFactory().getBean(getTargetBeanName());

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/JCacheCacheManager.java

@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ public class JCacheCacheManager extends AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManage
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Cache getMissingCache(String name) {
 		CacheManager cacheManager = getCacheManager();
 		Assert.state(cacheManager != null, "No CacheManager set");

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/AnnotationJCacheOperationSource.java

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 public abstract class AnnotationJCacheOperationSource extends AbstractFallbackJCacheOperationSource {
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected JCacheOperation<?> findCacheOperation(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetType) {
 		CacheResult cacheResult = method.getAnnotation(CacheResult.class);
 		CachePut cachePut = method.getAnnotation(CachePut.class);

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/CachePutInterceptor.java

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheErrorHandler;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvocationContext;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvoker;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * Intercept methods annotated with {@link CachePut}.
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ class CachePutInterceptor extends AbstractKeyCacheInterceptor<CachePutOperation,
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Object invoke(
 			CacheOperationInvocationContext<CachePutOperation> context, CacheOperationInvoker invoker) {
 

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/CacheRemoveAllInterceptor.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheErrorHandler;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvocationContext;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvoker;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * Intercept methods annotated with {@link CacheRemoveAll}.
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class CacheRemoveAllInterceptor extends AbstractCacheInterceptor<CacheRemoveAllO
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Object invoke(
 			CacheOperationInvocationContext<CacheRemoveAllOperation> context, CacheOperationInvoker invoker) {
 

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/CacheRemoveEntryInterceptor.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheErrorHandler;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvocationContext;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvoker;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * Intercept methods annotated with {@link CacheRemove}.
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class CacheRemoveEntryInterceptor extends AbstractKeyCacheInterceptor<CacheRemov
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Object invoke(
 			CacheOperationInvocationContext<CacheRemoveOperation> context, CacheOperationInvoker invoker) {
 

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/JCacheAspectSupport.java

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ public class JCacheAspectSupport extends AbstractCacheInvoker implements Initial
 		}
 
 		@Override
+		@Nullable
 		public Object invoke() throws ThrowableWrapper {
 			return invokeOperation(this.delegate);
 		}

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/jcache/interceptor/SimpleExceptionCacheResolver.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.AbstractCacheResolver;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.BasicOperation;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheOperationInvocationContext;
 import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheResolver;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * A simple {@link CacheResolver} that resolves the exception cache
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ public class SimpleExceptionCacheResolver extends AbstractCacheResolver {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Collection<String> getCacheNames(CacheOperationInvocationContext<?> context) {
 		BasicOperation operation = context.getOperation();
 		if (!(operation instanceof CacheResultOperation cacheResultOperation)) {

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/transaction/TransactionAwareCacheDecorator.java

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ public class TransactionAwareCacheDecorator implements Cache {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public <T> T get(Object key, @Nullable Class<T> type) {
 		return this.targetCache.get(key, type);
 	}

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/quartz/MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean.java

@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ public class MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean extends ArgumentConvertingMethod
 	 * Overridden to support the {@link #setTargetBeanName "targetBeanName"} feature.
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getTargetClass() {
 		Class<?> targetClass = super.getTargetClass();
 		if (targetClass == null && this.targetBeanName != null) {
@@ -212,6 +213,7 @@ public class MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean extends ArgumentConvertingMethod
 	 * Overridden to support the {@link #setTargetBeanName "targetBeanName"} feature.
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Object getTargetObject() {
 		Object targetObject = super.getTargetObject();
 		if (targetObject == null && this.targetBeanName != null) {

spring-context-support/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/quartz/SchedulerFactoryBeanRuntimeHints.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeHint.Builder;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.annotation.ReflectiveRuntimeHintsRegistrar;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ class SchedulerFactoryBeanRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(SCHEDULER_FACTORY_CLASS_NAME, classLoader)) {
 			return;
 		}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/Cache.java

@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ public interface Cache {
 		@Nullable
 		private final Object key;
 
-		public ValueRetrievalException(@Nullable Object key, Callable<?> loader, Throwable ex) {
+		public ValueRetrievalException(@Nullable Object key, Callable<?> loader, @Nullable Throwable ex) {
 			super(String.format("Value for key '%s' could not be loaded using '%s'", key, loader), ex);
 			this.key = key;
 		}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/concurrent/ConcurrentMapCache.java

@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ public class ConcurrentMapCache extends AbstractValueAdaptingCache {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Object fromStoreValue(@Nullable Object storeValue) {
 		if (storeValue != null && this.serialization != null) {
 			try {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/cache/interceptor/NamedCacheResolver.java

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ public class NamedCacheResolver extends AbstractCacheResolver {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Collection<String> getCacheNames(CacheOperationInvocationContext<?> context) {
 		return this.cacheNames;
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/annotation/CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java

@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ public class CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends InitDestroyAnnotationBean
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public BeanRegistrationAotContribution processAheadOfTime(RegisteredBean registeredBean) {
 		BeanRegistrationAotContribution parentAotContribution = super.processAheadOfTime(registeredBean);
 		Class<?> beanClass = registeredBean.getBeanClass();
@@ -350,6 +351,7 @@ public class CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends InitDestroyAnnotationBean
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
 		return null;
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/annotation/ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java

@@ -334,6 +334,7 @@ class ConfigurationClassEnhancer {
 			return resolveBeanReference(beanMethod, beanMethodArgs, beanFactory, beanName);
 		}
 
+		@Nullable
 		private Object resolveBeanReference(Method beanMethod, Object[] beanMethodArgs,
 				ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory, String beanName) {
 

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/event/ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.java

@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ public class ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter implements GenericApplicationListe
 	 * Invoke the event listener method with the given argument values.
 	 */
 	@Nullable
-	protected Object doInvoke(Object... args) {
+	protected Object doInvoke(@Nullable Object... args) {
 		Object bean = getTargetBean();
 		// Detect package-protected NullBean instance through equals(null) check
 		if (bean.equals(null)) {
@@ -416,8 +416,8 @@ public class ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter implements GenericApplicationListe
 	 * the given error message.
 	 * @param message error message to append the HandlerMethod details to
 	 */
-	protected String getDetailedErrorMessage(Object bean, String message) {
+	protected String getDetailedErrorMessage(Object bean, @Nullable String message) {
-		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(message).append('\n');
+		StringBuilder sb = (StringUtils.hasLength(message) ? new StringBuilder(message).append('\n') : new StringBuilder());
 		sb.append("HandlerMethod details: \n");
 		sb.append("Bean [").append(bean.getClass().getName()).append("]\n");
 		sb.append("Method [").append(this.method.toGenericString()).append("]\n");
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ public class ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter implements GenericApplicationListe
 	 * beans, and others). Event listener beans that require proxying should prefer
 	 * class-based proxy mechanisms.
 	 */
-	private void assertTargetBean(Method method, Object targetBean, Object[] args) {
+	private void assertTargetBean(Method method, Object targetBean, @Nullable Object[] args) {
 		Class<?> methodDeclaringClass = method.getDeclaringClass();
 		Class<?> targetBeanClass = targetBean.getClass();
 		if (!methodDeclaringClass.isAssignableFrom(targetBeanClass)) {
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ public class ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter implements GenericApplicationListe
 		}
 	}
 
-	private String getInvocationErrorMessage(Object bean, String message, Object[] resolvedArgs) {
+	private String getInvocationErrorMessage(Object bean, @Nullable String message, @Nullable Object[] resolvedArgs) {
 		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(getDetailedErrorMessage(bean, message));
 		sb.append("Resolved arguments: \n");
 		for (int i = 0; i < resolvedArgs.length; i++) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/support/AbstractApplicationContext.java

@@ -1463,6 +1463,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader
 	//---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public String getMessage(String code, @Nullable Object[] args, @Nullable String defaultMessage, Locale locale) {
 		return getMessageSource().getMessage(code, args, defaultMessage, locale);
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/support/AbstractMessageSource.java

@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMessageSource extends MessageSourceSupport impleme
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public final String getMessage(String code, @Nullable Object[] args, @Nullable String defaultMessage, Locale locale) {
 		String msg = getMessageInternal(code, args, locale);
 		if (msg != null) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/support/ContextTypeMatchClassLoader.java

@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ class ContextTypeMatchClassLoader extends DecoratingClassLoader implements Smart
 		}
 
 		@Override
+		@Nullable
 		protected Class<?> loadClassForOverriding(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
 			byte[] bytes = bytesCache.get(name);
 			if (bytes == null) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/support/ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource.java

@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ public class ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource extends AbstractResourceBased
 	 * returning the value found in the bundle as-is (without MessageFormat parsing).
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected String resolveCodeWithoutArguments(String code, Locale locale) {
 		if (getCacheMillis() < 0) {
 			PropertiesHolder propHolder = getMergedProperties(locale);

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/context/support/ResourceBundleMessageSource.java

@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ public class ResourceBundleMessageSource extends AbstractResourceBasedMessageSou
 	 * returning the value found in the bundle as-is (without MessageFormat parsing).
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected String resolveCodeWithoutArguments(String code, Locale locale) {
 		Set<String> basenames = getBasenameSet();
 		for (String basename : basenames) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/format/support/FormattingConversionServiceRuntimeHints.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.springframework.format.support;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} to register hints for {@link DefaultFormattingConversionService}.
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
 class FormattingConversionServiceRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.reflection().registerType(TypeReference.of("javax.money.MonetaryAmount"));
 	}
 }

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/jmx/access/InvalidInvocationException.java

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ package org.springframework.jmx.access;
 
 import javax.management.JMRuntimeException;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Thrown when trying to invoke an operation on a proxy that is not exposed
  * by the proxied MBean resource's management interface.
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ public class InvalidInvocationException extends JMRuntimeException {
 	 * error message.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public InvalidInvocationException(String msg) {
+	public InvalidInvocationException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/jmx/access/MBeanProxyFactoryBean.java

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ public class MBeanProxyFactoryBean extends MBeanClientInterceptor
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
 		return this.proxyInterface;
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/jndi/JndiObjectFactoryBean.java

@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ public class JndiObjectFactoryBean extends JndiObjectLocator
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
 		if (this.proxyInterfaces != null) {
 			if (this.proxyInterfaces.length == 1) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/annotation/AsyncConfigurerSupport.java

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 public class AsyncConfigurerSupport implements AsyncConfigurer {
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
 		return null;
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/concurrent/ConcurrentTaskScheduler.java

@@ -334,16 +334,19 @@ public class ConcurrentTaskScheduler extends ConcurrentTaskExecutor implements T
 				}
 
 				@Override
+				@Nullable
 				public Instant lastScheduledExecution() {
 					return (this.le != null ? toInstant(this.le.getScheduledStart()) : null);
 				}
 
 				@Override
+				@Nullable
 				public Instant lastActualExecution() {
 					return (this.le != null ? toInstant(this.le.getRunStart()) : null);
 				}
 
 				@Override
+				@Nullable
 				public Instant lastCompletion() {
 					return (this.le != null ? toInstant(this.le.getRunEnd()) : null);
 				}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/config/TaskSchedulerRouter.java

@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ public class TaskSchedulerRouter implements TaskScheduler, BeanNameAware, BeanFa
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable task, Trigger trigger) {
 		return determineTargetScheduler(task).schedule(task, trigger);
 	}

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/support/CronTrigger.java

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ public class CronTrigger implements Trigger {
 	 * previous execution; therefore, overlapping executions won't occur.
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Instant nextExecution(TriggerContext triggerContext) {
 		Instant timestamp = determineLatestTimestamp(triggerContext);
 		ZoneId zone = (this.zoneId != null ? this.zoneId : triggerContext.getClock().getZone());

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scheduling/support/QuartzCronField.java

@@ -338,6 +338,7 @@ final class QuartzCronField extends CronField {
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public <T extends Temporal & Comparable<? super T>> T nextOrSame(T temporal) {
 		T result = adjust(temporal);
 		if (result != null) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scripting/config/ScriptingDefaultsParser.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.TypedStringValue;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParser;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.ParserContext;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class ScriptingDefaultsParser implements BeanDefinitionParser {
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
 		BeanDefinition bd =
 				LangNamespaceUtils.registerScriptFactoryPostProcessorIfNecessary(parserContext.getRegistry());

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/scripting/support/ScriptFactoryPostProcessor.java

@@ -305,6 +305,7 @@ public class ScriptFactoryPostProcessor implements SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPo
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
 		// We only apply special treatment to ScriptFactory implementations here.
 		if (!ScriptFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass)) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/validation/AbstractPropertyBindingResult.java

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPropertyBindingResult extends AbstractBindingResul
 	 * @see #getPropertyAccessor()
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public PropertyEditorRegistry getPropertyEditorRegistry() {
 		return (getTarget() != null ? getPropertyAccessor() : null);
 	}
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPropertyBindingResult extends AbstractBindingResul
 	 * @see #getCustomEditor
 	 */
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected Object formatFieldValue(String field, @Nullable Object value) {
 		String fixedField = fixedField(field);
 		// Try custom editor...

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/validation/SimpleErrors.java

@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ public class SimpleErrors implements Errors, Serializable {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getFieldType(String field) {
 		PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.getPropertyDescriptor(this.target.getClass(), field);
 		if (pd != null) {

spring-context/src/main/java/org/springframework/validation/method/ParameterErrors.java

@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ public class ParameterErrors extends ParameterValidationResult implements Errors
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public ObjectError getGlobalError() {
 		return this.errors.getGlobalError();
 	}
@@ -167,6 +168,7 @@ public class ParameterErrors extends ParameterValidationResult implements Errors
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public FieldError getFieldError() {
 		return this.errors.getFieldError();
 	}
@@ -187,16 +189,19 @@ public class ParameterErrors extends ParameterValidationResult implements Errors
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public FieldError getFieldError(String field) {
 		return this.errors.getFieldError(field);
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Object getFieldValue(String field) {
 		return this.errors.getFieldError(field);
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getFieldType(String field) {
 		return this.errors.getFieldType(field);
 	}

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/aot/hint/BindingReflectionHintsRegistrar.java

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public class BindingReflectionHintsRegistrar {
 	 * @param hints the hints instance to use
 	 * @param types the types to register
 	 */
-	public void registerReflectionHints(ReflectionHints hints, Type... types) {
+	public void registerReflectionHints(ReflectionHints hints, @Nullable Type... types) {
 		Set<Type> seen = new LinkedHashSet<>();
 		for (Type type : types) {
 			registerReflectionHints(hints, seen, type);

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/CoroutinesUtils.java

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public abstract class CoroutinesUtils {
 	 * @return the method invocation result as reactive stream
 	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code method} is not a suspending function
 	 */
-	public static Publisher<?> invokeSuspendingFunction(Method method, Object target, Object... args) {
+	public static Publisher<?> invokeSuspendingFunction(Method method, Object target, @Nullable Object... args) {
 		return invokeSuspendingFunction(Dispatchers.getUnconfined(), method, target, args);
 	}
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public abstract class CoroutinesUtils {
 	 */
 	@SuppressWarnings({"deprecation", "DataFlowIssue"})
 	public static Publisher<?> invokeSuspendingFunction(
-			CoroutineContext context, Method method, @Nullable Object target, Object... args) {
+			CoroutineContext context, Method method, @Nullable Object target, @Nullable Object... args) {
 
 		Assert.isTrue(KotlinDetector.isSuspendingFunction(method), "Method must be a suspending function");
 		KFunction<?> function = ReflectJvmMapping.getKotlinFunction(method);

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/NestedRuntimeException.java

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public abstract class NestedRuntimeException extends RuntimeException {
 	 * Construct a {@code NestedRuntimeException} with the specified detail message.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public NestedRuntimeException(String msg) {
+	public NestedRuntimeException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/codec/CodecException.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public class CodecException extends NestedRuntimeException {
 	 * Create a new CodecException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public CodecException(String msg) {
+	public CodecException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class CodecException extends NestedRuntimeException {
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause root cause for the exception, if any
 	 */
-	public CodecException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public CodecException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/codec/DecodingException.java

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class DecodingException extends CodecException {
 	 * Create a new DecodingException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DecodingException(String msg) {
+	public DecodingException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public class DecodingException extends CodecException {
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause root cause for the exception, if any
 	 */
-	public DecodingException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public DecodingException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/util/StreamUtils.java

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public abstract class StreamUtils {
 	 * @throws IOException in case of I/O errors
 	 * @since 4.3
 	 */
-	public static int drain(InputStream in) throws IOException {
+	public static int drain(@Nullable InputStream in) throws IOException {
 		Assert.notNull(in, "No InputStream specified");
 		return (int) in.transferTo(OutputStream.nullOutputStream());
 	}

spring-jdbc/src/main/java/org/springframework/jdbc/datasource/embedded/EmbeddedDatabaseFactoryRuntimeHints.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import java.util.Collections;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.ExecutableMode;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} implementation that registers reflection hints for
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 class EmbeddedDatabaseFactoryRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.reflection().registerTypeIfPresent(classLoader,
 				"org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseFactory$EmbeddedDataSourceProxy",
 				builder -> builder

spring-orm/src/main/java/org/springframework/orm/ObjectOptimisticLockingFailureException.java

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class ObjectOptimisticLockingFailureException extends OptimisticLockingFa
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the source exception
 	 */
-	public ObjectOptimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public ObjectOptimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 		this.persistentClass = null;
 		this.identifier = null;

spring-orm/src/main/java/org/springframework/orm/jpa/EntityManagerRuntimeHints.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.ExecutableMode;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ class EntityManagerRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 	private static final String NATIVE_QUERY_IMPL_CLASS_NAME = "org.hibernate.query.sql.internal.NativeQueryImpl";
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		if (ClassUtils.isPresent(HIBERNATE_SESSION_FACTORY_CLASS_NAME, classLoader)) {
 			hints.proxies().registerJdkProxy(TypeReference.of(HIBERNATE_SESSION_FACTORY_CLASS_NAME),
 					TypeReference.of(EntityManagerFactoryInfo.class));

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/CannotAcquireLockException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown on failure to acquire a lock during an update,
  * for example during a "select for update" statement.
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ public class CannotAcquireLockException extends PessimisticLockingFailureExcepti
 	 * Constructor for CannotAcquireLockException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public CannotAcquireLockException(String msg) {
+	public CannotAcquireLockException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ public class CannotAcquireLockException extends PessimisticLockingFailureExcepti
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public CannotAcquireLockException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public CannotAcquireLockException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/ConcurrencyFailureException.java

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class ConcurrencyFailureException extends TransientDataAccessException {
 	 * Constructor for ConcurrencyFailureException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public ConcurrencyFailureException(String msg) {
+	public ConcurrencyFailureException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public class ConcurrencyFailureException extends TransientDataAccessException {
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public ConcurrencyFailureException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public ConcurrencyFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/DataAccessException.java

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public abstract class DataAccessException extends NestedRuntimeException {
 	 * Constructor for DataAccessException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DataAccessException(String msg) {
+	public DataAccessException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/DataAccessResourceFailureException.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class DataAccessResourceFailureException extends NonTransientDataAccessRe
 	 * Constructor for DataAccessResourceFailureException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DataAccessResourceFailureException(String msg) {
+	public DataAccessResourceFailureException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class DataAccessResourceFailureException extends NonTransientDataAccessRe
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public DataAccessResourceFailureException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public DataAccessResourceFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/DataIntegrityViolationException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown when an attempt to insert or update data
  * results in violation of an integrity constraint. Note that this
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ public class DataIntegrityViolationException extends NonTransientDataAccessExcep
 	 * Constructor for DataIntegrityViolationException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DataIntegrityViolationException(String msg) {
+	public DataIntegrityViolationException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ public class DataIntegrityViolationException extends NonTransientDataAccessExcep
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public DataIntegrityViolationException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public DataIntegrityViolationException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/DataRetrievalFailureException.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public class DataRetrievalFailureException extends NonTransientDataAccessExcepti
 	 * Constructor for DataRetrievalFailureException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DataRetrievalFailureException(String msg) {
+	public DataRetrievalFailureException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class DataRetrievalFailureException extends NonTransientDataAccessExcepti
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public DataRetrievalFailureException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public DataRetrievalFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/DuplicateKeyException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown when an attempt to insert or update data
  * results in violation of a primary key or unique constraint.
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ public class DuplicateKeyException extends DataIntegrityViolationException {
 	 * Constructor for DuplicateKeyException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public DuplicateKeyException(String msg) {
+	public DuplicateKeyException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ public class DuplicateKeyException extends DataIntegrityViolationException {
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public DuplicateKeyException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public DuplicateKeyException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/EmptyResultDataAccessException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Data access exception thrown when a result was expected to have at least
  * one row (or element) but zero rows (or elements) were actually returned.
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ public class EmptyResultDataAccessException extends IncorrectResultSizeDataAcces
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param expectedSize the expected result size
 	 */
-	public EmptyResultDataAccessException(String msg, int expectedSize) {
+	public EmptyResultDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, int expectedSize) {
 		super(msg, expectedSize, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ public class EmptyResultDataAccessException extends IncorrectResultSizeDataAcces
 	 * @param expectedSize the expected result size
 	 * @param ex the wrapped exception
 	 */
-	public EmptyResultDataAccessException(String msg, int expectedSize, Throwable ex) {
+	public EmptyResultDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, int expectedSize, Throwable ex) {
 		super(msg, expectedSize, 0, ex);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Data access exception thrown when a result was not of the expected size,
  * for example when expecting a single row but getting 0 or more than 1 rows.
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ public class IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException extends DataRetrievalFailure
 	 * @param expectedSize the expected result size
 	 * @param ex the wrapped exception
 	 */
-	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(String msg, int expectedSize, Throwable ex) {
+	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, int expectedSize, @Nullable Throwable ex) {
 		super(msg, ex);
 		this.expectedSize = expectedSize;
 		this.actualSize = -1;
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ public class IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException extends DataRetrievalFailure
 	 * @param expectedSize the expected result size
 	 * @param actualSize the actual result size (or -1 if unknown)
 	 */
-	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(String msg, int expectedSize, int actualSize) {
+	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, int expectedSize, int actualSize) {
 		super(msg);
 		this.expectedSize = expectedSize;
 		this.actualSize = actualSize;
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ public class IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException extends DataRetrievalFailure
 	 * @param actualSize the actual result size (or -1 if unknown)
 	 * @param ex the wrapped exception
 	 */
-	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(String msg, int expectedSize, int actualSize, Throwable ex) {
+	public IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, int expectedSize, int actualSize, @Nullable Throwable ex) {
 		super(msg, ex);
 		this.expectedSize = expectedSize;
 		this.actualSize = actualSize;

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown on incorrect usage of the API, such as failing to
  * "compile" a query object that needed compilation before execution.
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ public class InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException extends NonTransientDataAccessEx
 	 * Constructor for InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(String msg) {
+	public InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ public class InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException extends NonTransientDataAccessEx
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Root for exceptions thrown when we use a data access resource incorrectly.
  * Thrown for example on specifying bad SQL when using a RDBMS.
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ public class InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException extends NonTransientDataAcc
 	 * Constructor for InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException(String msg) {
+	public InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ public class InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException extends NonTransientDataAcc
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/NonTransientDataAccessException.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public abstract class NonTransientDataAccessException extends DataAccessExceptio
 	 * Constructor for NonTransientDataAccessException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public NonTransientDataAccessException(String msg) {
+	public NonTransientDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/NonTransientDataAccessResourceException.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class NonTransientDataAccessResourceException extends NonTransientDataAcc
 	 * Constructor for NonTransientDataAccessResourceException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public NonTransientDataAccessResourceException(String msg) {
+	public NonTransientDataAccessResourceException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class NonTransientDataAccessResourceException extends NonTransientDataAcc
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public NonTransientDataAccessResourceException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public NonTransientDataAccessResourceException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/OptimisticLockingFailureException.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public class OptimisticLockingFailureException extends ConcurrencyFailureExcepti
 	 * Constructor for OptimisticLockingFailureException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public OptimisticLockingFailureException(String msg) {
+	public OptimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class OptimisticLockingFailureException extends ConcurrencyFailureExcepti
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public OptimisticLockingFailureException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public OptimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/PessimisticLockingFailureException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown on a pessimistic locking violation.
  * Thrown by Spring's SQLException translation mechanism
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ public class PessimisticLockingFailureException extends ConcurrencyFailureExcept
 	 * Constructor for PessimisticLockingFailureException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public PessimisticLockingFailureException(String msg) {
+	public PessimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ public class PessimisticLockingFailureException extends ConcurrencyFailureExcept
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public PessimisticLockingFailureException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public PessimisticLockingFailureException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/QueryTimeoutException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception to be thrown on a query timeout. This could have different causes depending on
  * the database API in use but most likely thrown after the database interrupts or stops
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ public class QueryTimeoutException extends TransientDataAccessException {
 	 * Constructor for QueryTimeoutException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public QueryTimeoutException(String msg) {
+	public QueryTimeoutException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ public class QueryTimeoutException extends TransientDataAccessException {
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public QueryTimeoutException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public QueryTimeoutException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/TransientDataAccessException.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public abstract class TransientDataAccessException extends DataAccessException {
 	 * Constructor for TransientDataAccessException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public TransientDataAccessException(String msg) {
+	public TransientDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public abstract class TransientDataAccessException extends DataAccessException {
 	 * @param cause the root cause (usually from using an underlying
 	 * data access API such as JDBC)
 	 */
-	public TransientDataAccessException(String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+	public TransientDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/dao/TypeMismatchDataAccessException.java

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package org.springframework.dao;
 
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
+
 /**
  * Exception thrown on mismatch between Java type and database type:
  * for example on an attempt to set an object of the wrong type
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ public class TypeMismatchDataAccessException extends InvalidDataAccessResourceUs
 	 * Constructor for TypeMismatchDataAccessException.
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 */
-	public TypeMismatchDataAccessException(String msg) {
+	public TypeMismatchDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg) {
 		super(msg);
 	}
 
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ public class TypeMismatchDataAccessException extends InvalidDataAccessResourceUs
 	 * @param msg the detail message
 	 * @param cause the root cause from the data access API in use
 	 */
-	public TypeMismatchDataAccessException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
+	public TypeMismatchDataAccessException(@Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
 		super(msg, cause);
 	}
 

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/jca/support/LocalConnectionFactoryBean.java

@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ public class LocalConnectionFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Object>, Initiali
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
 		return (this.connectionFactory != null ? this.connectionFactory.getClass() : null);
 	}

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/transaction/annotation/TransactionBeanRegistrationAotProcessor.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanRegistrationAotProcessor;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanRegistrationCode;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RegisteredBean;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
 
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ class TransactionBeanRegistrationAotProcessor implements BeanRegistrationAotProc
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public BeanRegistrationAotContribution processAheadOfTime(RegisteredBean registeredBean) {
 		Class<?> beanClass = registeredBean.getBeanClass();
 		if (isTransactional(beanClass)) {

spring-tx/src/main/java/org/springframework/transaction/annotation/TransactionRuntimeHints.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeHint;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} implementation that registers runtime hints for
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
 class TransactionRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.reflection().registerTypes(TypeReference.listOf(Isolation.class, Propagation.class),
 				TypeHint.builtWith(MemberCategory.DECLARED_FIELDS));
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/ContentDisposition.java

@@ -788,19 +788,19 @@ public final class ContentDisposition {
 		}
 
 		@Override
-		public Builder name(String name) {
+		public Builder name(@Nullable String name) {
 			this.name = name;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override
-		public Builder filename(String filename) {
+		public Builder filename(@Nullable String filename) {
 			this.filename = filename;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override
-		public Builder filename(String filename, Charset charset) {
+		public Builder filename(@Nullable String filename, @Nullable Charset charset) {
 			this.filename = filename;
 			this.charset = charset;
 			return this;
@@ -808,28 +808,28 @@ public final class ContentDisposition {
 
 		@Override
 		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-		public Builder size(Long size) {
+		public Builder size(@Nullable Long size) {
 			this.size = size;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-		public Builder creationDate(ZonedDateTime creationDate) {
+		public Builder creationDate(@Nullable ZonedDateTime creationDate) {
 			this.creationDate = creationDate;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-		public Builder modificationDate(ZonedDateTime modificationDate) {
+		public Builder modificationDate(@Nullable ZonedDateTime modificationDate) {
 			this.modificationDate = modificationDate;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-		public Builder readDate(ZonedDateTime readDate) {
+		public Builder readDate(@Nullable ZonedDateTime readDate) {
 			this.readDate = readDate;
 			return this;
 		}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/ProblemDetail.java

@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ public class ProblemDetail {
 	/**
 	 * Create a {@code ProblemDetail} instance with the given status and detail.
 	 */
-	public static ProblemDetail forStatusAndDetail(HttpStatusCode status, String detail) {
+	public static ProblemDetail forStatusAndDetail(HttpStatusCode status, @Nullable String detail) {
 		Assert.notNull(status, "HttpStatusCode is required");
 		ProblemDetail problemDetail = forStatus(status.value());
 		problemDetail.setDetail(detail);

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/ReadOnlyHttpHeaders.java

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class ReadOnlyHttpHeaders extends HttpHeaders {
 
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public MediaType getContentType() {
 		if (this.cachedContentType != null) {
 			return this.cachedContentType;
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ class ReadOnlyHttpHeaders extends HttpHeaders {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public List<String> get(Object key) {
 		List<String> values = this.headers.get(key);
 		return (values != null ? Collections.unmodifiableList(values) : null);

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/codec/cbor/Jackson2CborDecoder.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.codec.json.AbstractJackson2Decoder;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.MimeType;
 
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ public class Jackson2CborDecoder extends AbstractJackson2Decoder {
 
 
 	@Override
-	public Flux<Object> decode(Publisher<DataBuffer> input, ResolvableType elementType, MimeType mimeType, Map<String, Object> hints) {
+	public Flux<Object> decode(Publisher<DataBuffer> input, ResolvableType elementType, @Nullable MimeType mimeType, @Nullable Map<String, Object> hints) {
 		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Does not support stream decoding yet");
 	}
 

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/codec/cbor/Jackson2CborEncoder.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBufferFactory;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.codec.json.AbstractJackson2Encoder;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.MimeType;
 
@@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ public class Jackson2CborEncoder extends AbstractJackson2Encoder {
 
 
 	@Override
-	public Flux<DataBuffer> encode(Publisher<?> inputStream, DataBufferFactory bufferFactory, ResolvableType elementType, MimeType mimeType, Map<String, Object> hints) {
+	public Flux<DataBuffer> encode(Publisher<?> inputStream, DataBufferFactory bufferFactory, ResolvableType elementType,
+			@Nullable MimeType mimeType, @Nullable Map<String, Object> hints) {
 		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Does not support stream encoding yet");
 	}
 

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/codec/json/AbstractJackson2Decoder.java

@@ -300,6 +300,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractJackson2Decoder extends Jackson2CodecSupport imple
 	// Jackson2CodecSupport
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(MethodParameter parameter, Class<A> annotType) {
 		return parameter.getParameterAnnotation(annotType);
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/codec/json/AbstractJackson2Encoder.java

@@ -426,6 +426,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractJackson2Encoder extends Jackson2CodecSupport imple
 	// Jackson2CodecSupport
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	protected <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(MethodParameter parameter, Class<A> annotType) {
 		return parameter.getMethodAnnotation(annotType);
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/converter/ResourceHttpMessageConverter.java

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ public class ResourceHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<R
 		if (this.supportsReadStreaming && InputStreamResource.class == clazz) {
 			return new InputStreamResource(inputMessage.getBody()) {
 				@Override
+				@Nullable
 				public String getFilename() {
 					return inputMessage.getHeaders().getContentDisposition().getFilename();
 				}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/converter/json/Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean.java

@@ -469,6 +469,7 @@ public class Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<ObjectMapper
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
 		return (this.objectMapper != null ? this.objectMapper.getClass() : null);
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/converter/json/JacksonModulesRuntimeHints.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.MemberCategory;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeHint.Builder;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} implementation that registers reflection entries
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ class JacksonModulesRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 					.withMembers(MemberCategory.INVOKE_DECLARED_CONSTRUCTORS);
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.reflection()
 				.registerTypeIfPresent(classLoader,
 						"com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module", asJacksonModule)

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/converter/json/ProblemDetailRuntimeHints.java

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.BindingReflectionHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.http.ProblemDetail;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 class ProblemDetailRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		BindingReflectionHintsRegistrar bindingRegistrar = new BindingReflectionHintsRegistrar();
 		bindingRegistrar.registerReflectionHints(hints.reflection(), ProblemDetail.class);
 		if (ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.XmlMapper", classLoader)) {

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/server/reactive/ServerHttpResponseDecorator.java

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ public class ServerHttpResponseDecorator implements ServerHttpResponse {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public HttpStatusCode getStatusCode() {
 		return getDelegate().getStatusCode();
 	}
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ public class ServerHttpResponseDecorator implements ServerHttpResponse {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	@Deprecated
 	public Integer getRawStatusCode() {
 		return getDelegate().getRawStatusCode();

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/client/support/RestTemplateAdapter.java

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
 import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpExchangeAdapter;
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ public final class RestTemplateAdapter implements HttpExchangeAdapter {
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public <T> T exchangeForBody(HttpRequestValues values, ParameterizedTypeReference<T> bodyType) {
 		return this.restTemplate.exchange(newRequest(values), bodyType).getBody();
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/context/support/AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext.java

@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext extends AbstractR
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public String[] getConfigLocations() {
 		return super.getConfigLocations();
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/multipart/support/AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest.java

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletReq
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public MultipartFile getFile(String name) {
 		return getMultipartFiles().getFirst(name);
 	}

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/util/BindErrorUtils.java

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import org.springframework.context.MessageSource;
 import org.springframework.context.MessageSourceResolvable;
 import org.springframework.context.support.StaticMessageSource;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
 
@@ -114,6 +115,7 @@ public abstract class BindErrorUtils {
 		}
 
 		@Override
+		@Nullable
 		protected String getDefaultMessage(MessageSourceResolvable resolvable, Locale locale) {
 			String message = super.getDefaultMessage(resolvable, locale);
 			return (resolvable instanceof FieldError error ? error.getField() + ": " + message : message);

spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/util/WebUtilRuntimeHints.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.springframework.web.util;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} implementation that registers resource
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
 class WebUtilRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.resources().registerResource(
 				new ClassPathResource("HtmlCharacterEntityReferences.properties", getClass()));
 	}

spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/function/server/DefaultServerRequest.java

@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ class DefaultServerRequest implements ServerRequest {
 		}
 
 		@Override
+		@Nullable
 		public InetSocketAddress host() {
 			return this.httpHeaders.getHost();
 		}

spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/ServerWebExchangeMethodArgumentResolver.java

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ public class ServerWebExchangeMethodArgumentResolver extends HandlerMethodArgume
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	@Nullable
 	public Object resolveArgumentValue(
 			MethodParameter methodParameter, BindingContext context, ServerWebExchange exchange) {
 

spring-webflux/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/socket/server/support/HandshakeWebSocketServiceRuntimeHints.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.springframework.web.reactive.socket.server.support;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.MemberCategory;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * {@link RuntimeHintsRegistrar} implementation that registers reflection hints related to
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 class HandshakeWebSocketServiceRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		hints.reflection().registerType(HandshakeWebSocketService.initUpgradeStrategy().getClass(),
 				MemberCategory.INVOKE_DECLARED_CONSTRUCTORS);
 	}

spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/function/DefaultServerRequest.java

@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ class DefaultServerRequest implements ServerRequest {
 		}
 
 		@Override
+		@Nullable
 		public InetSocketAddress host() {
 			return this.httpHeaders.getHost();
 		}

spring-websocket/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/socket/server/support/HandshakeHandlerRuntimeHints.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.ReflectionHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.TypeReference;
+import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ class HandshakeHandlerRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+	public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 		ReflectionHints reflectionHints = hints.reflection();
 		if (tomcatWsPresent) {
 			registerType(reflectionHints, "org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.TomcatRequestUpgradeStrategy");