Add ReactiveAdapterRegistry

Issue: SPR-14159

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/ReactiveAdapter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.springframework.core;
+
+import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+
+/**
+ * Contract for adapting to and from {@link Flux} and {@link Mono}.
+ *
+ * <p>An adapter supports a specific adaptee type whose stream semantics can be
+ * checked via {@link #getDescriptor()}.
+ *
+ * <p>Use the {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry} to obtain an adapter for a
+ * supported adaptee type or to register additional adapters.
+ *
+ * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
+ * @since 5.0
+ */
+public interface ReactiveAdapter {
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a descriptor with further information about the adaptee.
+	 */
+	Descriptor getDescriptor();
+
+	/**
+	 * Adapt the given Object to a {@link Mono}
+	 * @param source the source object to adapt
+	 * @return the resulting {@link Mono} possibly empty
+	 */
+	<T> Mono<T> toMono(Object source);
+
+	/**
+	 * Adapt the given Object to a {@link Flux}.
+	 * @param source the source object to adapt
+	 * @return the resulting {@link Flux} possibly empty
+	 */
+	<T> Flux<T> toFlux(Object source);
+
+	/**
+	 * Adapt the given Object to a Publisher.
+	 * @param source the source object to adapt
+	 * @return the resulting {@link Mono} or {@link Flux} possibly empty
+	 */
+	<T> Publisher<T> toPublisher(Object source);
+
+	/**
+	 * Adapt the given Publisher to the target adaptee.
+	 * @param publisher the publisher to adapt
+	 * @return the resulting adaptee
+	 */
+	Object fromPublisher(Publisher<?> publisher);
+
+
+	/**
+	 * A descriptor with information about the adaptee stream semantics.
+	 */
+	class Descriptor {
+
+		private final boolean isMultiValue;
+
+		private final boolean supportsEmpty;
+
+		private final boolean isNoValue;
+
+
+		public Descriptor(boolean isMultiValue, boolean canBeEmpty, boolean isNoValue) {
+			this.isMultiValue = isMultiValue;
+			this.supportsEmpty = canBeEmpty;
+			this.isNoValue = isNoValue;
+		}
+
+
+		/**
+		 * Return {@code true} if the adaptee implies 0..N values can be produced
+		 * and is therefore a good fit to adapt to {@link Flux}. A {@code false}
+		 * return value implies the adaptee will produce 1 value at most and is
+		 * therefore a good fit for {@link Mono}.
+		 */
+		public boolean isMultiValue() {
+			return this.isMultiValue;
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Return {@code true} if the adaptee can complete without values.
+		 */
+		public boolean supportsEmpty() {
+			return this.supportsEmpty;
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Return {@code true} if the adaptee implies no values will be produced,
+		 * i.e. providing only completion or error signal.
+		 */
+		public boolean isNoValue() {
+			return this.isNoValue;
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/ReactiveAdapterRegistry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.springframework.core;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
+import reactor.adapter.RxJava1Adapter;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import rx.Completable;
+import rx.Observable;
+import rx.Single;
+
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter.Descriptor;
+import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
+
+/**
+ * A registry of adapters to adapt to {@link Flux} and {@link Mono}.
+ *
+ * <p>By default there are adapters for {@link CompletableFuture}, RxJava 1, and
+ * also for a any Reactive Streams {@link Publisher}. Additional adapters can be
+ * registered via {@link #registerFluxAdapter) and {@link #registerMonoAdapter}.
+ *
+ * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
+ * @since 5.0
+ */
+public class ReactiveAdapterRegistry {
+
+	private static final boolean rxJava1Present =
+			ClassUtils.isPresent("rx.Observable", ReactiveAdapterRegistry.class.getClassLoader());
+
+
+	private final Map<Class<?>, ReactiveAdapter> adapterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a registry and auto-register default adapters.
+	 */
+	public ReactiveAdapterRegistry() {
+
+		// Flux and Mono ahead of Publisher...
+		registerMonoAdapter(Mono.class,
+				source -> (Mono<?>) source, source -> source, new Descriptor(false, true, false));
+
+		registerFluxAdapter(
+				Flux.class, source -> (Flux<?>) source, source -> source);
+
+		registerFluxAdapter(
+				Publisher.class, source -> Flux.from((Publisher<?>) source), source -> source);
+
+		registerMonoAdapter(CompletableFuture.class,
+				source -> Mono.fromFuture((CompletableFuture<?>) source),
+				source -> Mono.from((Publisher<?>) source).toFuture(),
+				new Descriptor(false, true, false)
+		);
+
+		if (rxJava1Present) {
+			new RxJava1AdapterRegistrar().register(this);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Register an adapter for adapting to and from a {@link Mono}. The provided
+	 * functions can assume that input will never be {@code null} and also that
+	 * any {@link Optional} wrapper is unwrapped.
+	 */
+	public void registerMonoAdapter(Class<?> adapteeType,
+			Function<Object, Mono<?>> toAdapter, Function<Mono<?>, Object> fromAdapter,
+			Descriptor descriptor) {
+
+		this.adapterMap.put(adapteeType, new MonoReactiveAdapter(toAdapter, fromAdapter, descriptor));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register an adapter for adapting to and from a {@link Flux}. The provided
+	 * functions can assume that input will never be {@code null} and also that
+	 * any {@link Optional} wrapper is unwrapped.
+	 */
+	public void registerFluxAdapter(Class<?> adapteeType,
+			Function<Object, Flux<?>> toAdapter, Function<Flux<?>, Object> fromAdapter) {
+
+		this.adapterMap.put(adapteeType, new FluxReactiveAdapter(toAdapter, fromAdapter));
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the adapter for the given adaptee type to adapt from.
+	 */
+	public ReactiveAdapter getAdapterFrom(Class<?> adapteeType) {
+		return getAdapterFrom(adapteeType, null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the adapter for the given adaptee type to adapt from.
+	 * If the instance is not {@code null} its actual type is used to check.
+	 */
+	public ReactiveAdapter getAdapterFrom(Class<?> adapteeType, Object adaptee) {
+		Class<?> actualType = getActualType(adapteeType, adaptee);
+		return getAdapterInternal(supportedType -> supportedType.isAssignableFrom(actualType));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the adapter for the given adaptee type to adapt to.
+	 */
+	public ReactiveAdapter getAdapterTo(Class<?> adapteeType) {
+		return getAdapterTo(adapteeType, null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the adapter for the given adaptee type to adapt to.
+	 * If the instance is not {@code null} its actual type is used to check.
+	 */
+	public ReactiveAdapter getAdapterTo(Class<?> adapteeType, Object adaptee) {
+		Class<?> actualType = getActualType(adapteeType, adaptee);
+		return getAdapterInternal(supportedType -> supportedType.equals(actualType));
+	}
+
+
+	private static Class<?> getActualType(Class<?> adapteeType, Object adaptee) {
+		adaptee = unwrapOptional(adaptee);
+		return (adaptee != null ? adaptee.getClass() : adapteeType);
+	}
+
+	private static Object unwrapOptional(Object value) {
+		if (value != null && value instanceof Optional) {
+			value = ((Optional<?>) value).orElse(null);
+		}
+		return value;
+	}
+
+	private ReactiveAdapter getAdapterInternal(Predicate<Class<?>> adapteeTypePredicate) {
+		return this.adapterMap.keySet().stream()
+				.filter(adapteeTypePredicate)
+				.map(this.adapterMap::get)
+				.findFirst()
+				.orElse(null);
+	}
+
+
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	private static class MonoReactiveAdapter implements ReactiveAdapter {
+
+		private final Function<Object, Mono<?>> toAdapter;
+
+		private final Function<Mono<?>, Object> fromAdapter;
+
+		private final Descriptor descriptor;
+
+
+		MonoReactiveAdapter(Function<Object, Mono<?>> to, Function<Mono<?>, Object> from, Descriptor descriptor) {
+			this.toAdapter = to;
+			this.fromAdapter = from;
+			this.descriptor = descriptor;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public Descriptor getDescriptor() {
+			return this.descriptor;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Mono<T> toMono(Object source) {
+			source = unwrapOptional(source);
+			if (source == null) {
+				return Mono.empty();
+			}
+			return (Mono<T>) this.toAdapter.apply(source);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Flux<T> toFlux(Object source) {
+			source = unwrapOptional(source);
+			if (source == null) {
+				return Flux.empty();
+			}
+			return (Flux<T>) this.toMono(source).flux();
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Publisher<T> toPublisher(Object source) {
+			return toMono(source);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public Object fromPublisher(Publisher<?> source) {
+			return (source != null ? this.fromAdapter.apply((Mono<?>) source) : null);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	private static class FluxReactiveAdapter implements ReactiveAdapter {
+
+		private final Function<Object, Flux<?>> toAdapter;
+
+		private final Function<Flux<?>, Object> fromAdapter;
+
+		private final Descriptor descriptor = new Descriptor(true, true, false);
+
+
+		FluxReactiveAdapter(Function<Object, Flux<?>> to, Function<Flux<?>, Object> from) {
+			this.toAdapter = to;
+			this.fromAdapter = from;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public Descriptor getDescriptor() {
+			return this.descriptor;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Mono<T> toMono(Object source) {
+			source = unwrapOptional(source);
+			if (source == null) {
+				return Mono.empty();
+			}
+			return (Mono<T>) this.toAdapter.apply(source).next();
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Flux<T> toFlux(Object source) {
+			source = unwrapOptional(source);
+			if (source == null) {
+				return Flux.empty();
+			}
+			return (Flux<T>) this.toAdapter.apply(source);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public <T> Publisher<T> toPublisher(Object source) {
+			return toFlux(source);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public Object fromPublisher(Publisher<?> source) {
+			return (source != null ? this.fromAdapter.apply((Flux<?>) source) : null);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private static class RxJava1AdapterRegistrar {
+
+		public void register(ReactiveAdapterRegistry registry) {
+
+			registry.registerFluxAdapter(Observable.class,
+					source -> RxJava1Adapter.observableToFlux((Observable<?>) source),
+					RxJava1Adapter::publisherToObservable
+			);
+
+			registry.registerMonoAdapter(Single.class,
+					source -> RxJava1Adapter.singleToMono((Single<?>) source),
+					RxJava1Adapter::publisherToSingle,
+					new Descriptor(false, false, false)
+			);
+
+			registry.registerMonoAdapter(Completable.class,
+					source -> RxJava1Adapter.completableToMono((Completable) source),
+					RxJava1Adapter::publisherToCompletable,
+					new Descriptor(false, true, true)
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+}

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/convert/support/MonoToCompletableFutureConverter.java

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.core.convert.support;
-
-import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-
-import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
-
-import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.GenericConverter;
-
-/**
- * Converter to adapt {@link CompletableFuture} to Reactive Streams and
- * Reactor {@link Mono}.
- *
- * @author Sebastien Deleuze
- * @since 5.0
- */
-public class MonoToCompletableFutureConverter implements GenericConverter {
-
-
-	@Override
-	public Set<GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair> getConvertibleTypes() {
-		Set<GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair> pairs = new LinkedHashSet<>(2);
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Mono.class, CompletableFuture.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(CompletableFuture.class, Mono.class));
-		return pairs;
-	}
-
-
-	@Override
-	public Object convert(Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) {
-		if (source == null) {
-			return null;
-		}
-		else if (CompletableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(sourceType.getType())) {
-			return Mono.fromFuture((CompletableFuture<?>) source);
-		}
-		else if (CompletableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType.getType())) {
-			return Mono.from((Publisher<?>) source).toFuture();
-		}
-		return null;
-	}
-
-}

spring-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/core/convert/support/ReactorToRxJava1Converter.java

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.core.convert.support;
-
-import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.adapter.RxJava1Adapter;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
-import rx.Completable;
-import rx.Observable;
-import rx.Single;
-
-import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.GenericConverter;
-
-/**
- * Converter to adapt RxJava1 {@link Observable}, {@link Single}, and
- * {@link Completable} to Reactive Streams and Reactor types.
- *
- * @author Stephane Maldini
- * @author Sebastien Deleuze
- * @since 5.0
- */
-public final class ReactorToRxJava1Converter implements GenericConverter {
-
-	@Override
-	public Set<GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair> getConvertibleTypes() {
-		Set<GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair> pairs = new LinkedHashSet<>(6);
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Flux.class, Observable.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Observable.class, Flux.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Mono.class, Single.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Single.class, Mono.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Mono.class, Completable.class));
-		pairs.add(new GenericConverter.ConvertiblePair(Completable.class, Mono.class));
-		return pairs;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public Object convert(Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) {
-		if (source == null) {
-			return null;
-		}
-		if (Observable.class.isAssignableFrom(sourceType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.observableToFlux((Observable<?>) source);
-		}
-		else if (Observable.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.publisherToObservable((Publisher<?>) source);
-		}
-		else if (Single.class.isAssignableFrom(sourceType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.singleToMono((Single<?>) source);
-		}
-		else if (Single.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.publisherToSingle((Publisher<?>) source);
-		}
-		else if (Completable.class.isAssignableFrom(sourceType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.completableToMono((Completable) source);
-		}
-		else if (Completable.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType.getType())) {
-			return RxJava1Adapter.publisherToCompletable((Publisher<?>) source);
-		}
-		return null;
-	}
-
-}

spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/convert/support/MonoToCompletableFutureConverterTests.java

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package org.springframework.core.convert.support;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-
-/**
- * Unit tests for {@link ReactorToRxJava1Converter}.
- * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
- */
-public class MonoToCompletableFutureConverterTests {
-
-	private GenericConversionService conversionService;
-
-
-	@Before
-	public void setUp() throws Exception {
-		this.conversionService = new GenericConversionService();
-		this.conversionService.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	public void canConvert() throws Exception {
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Mono.class, CompletableFuture.class));
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(CompletableFuture.class, Mono.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Flux.class, CompletableFuture.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(CompletableFuture.class, Flux.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Publisher.class, CompletableFuture.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(CompletableFuture.class, Publisher.class));
-	}
-
-}

spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/convert/support/ReactiveAdapterRegistryTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.springframework.core.convert.support;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import rx.Completable;
+import rx.Observable;
+import rx.Single;
+
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
+ * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
+ */
+public class ReactiveAdapterRegistryTests {
+
+	private ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry;
+
+	@Before
+	public void setUp() throws Exception {
+		this.adapterRegistry = new ReactiveAdapterRegistry();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void getDefaultAdapters() throws Exception {
+		testMonoAdapter(Mono.class);
+		testFluxAdapter(Flux.class);
+		testFluxAdapter(Publisher.class);
+		testMonoAdapter(CompletableFuture.class);
+		testFluxAdapter(Observable.class);
+		testMonoAdapter(Single.class);
+		testMonoAdapter(Completable.class);
+	}
+
+	private void testFluxAdapter(Class<?> adapteeType) {
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = this.adapterRegistry.getAdapterFrom(adapteeType);
+		assertNotNull(adapter);
+		assertTrue(adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue());
+
+		adapter = this.adapterRegistry.getAdapterTo(adapteeType);
+		assertNotNull(adapter);
+		assertTrue(adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue());
+	}
+
+	private void testMonoAdapter(Class<?> adapteeType) {
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = this.adapterRegistry.getAdapterFrom(adapteeType);
+		assertNotNull(adapter);
+		assertFalse(adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue());
+
+		adapter = this.adapterRegistry.getAdapterTo(adapteeType);
+		assertNotNull(adapter);
+		assertFalse(adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue());
+	}
+
+}

spring-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/core/convert/support/ReactorToRxJava1ConverterTests.java

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package org.springframework.core.convert.support;
-
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
-import rx.Completable;
-import rx.Observable;
-import rx.Single;
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-
-/**
- * Unit tests for {@link ReactorToRxJava1Converter}.
- * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
- */
-public class ReactorToRxJava1ConverterTests {
-
-	private GenericConversionService conversionService;
-
-
-	@Before
-	public void setUp() throws Exception {
-		this.conversionService = new GenericConversionService();
-		this.conversionService.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	public void canConvert() throws Exception {
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Flux.class, Observable.class));
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Observable.class, Flux.class));
-
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Mono.class, Single.class));
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Single.class, Mono.class));
-
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Mono.class, Completable.class));
-		assertTrue(this.conversionService.canConvert(Completable.class, Mono.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Flux.class, Single.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Single.class, Flux.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Flux.class, Completable.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Completable.class, Flux.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Mono.class, Observable.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Observable.class, Mono.class));
-
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Publisher.class, Observable.class));
-		assertFalse(this.conversionService.canConvert(Observable.class, Publisher.class));
-	}
-
-}

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/config/WebReactiveConfiguration.java

@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ import org.springframework.core.codec.ResourceDecoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringDecoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringEncoder;
 import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.format.Formatter;
 import org.springframework.format.FormatterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
@@ -274,17 +272,8 @@ public class WebReactiveConfiguration implements ApplicationContextAware {
 
 	/**
 	 * Override to add custom {@link Converter}s and {@link Formatter}s.
-	 * <p>By default this method method registers:
-	 * <ul>
-	 * <li>{@link MonoToCompletableFutureConverter}
-	 * <li>{@link ReactorToRxJava1Converter}
-	 * </ul>
 	 */
 	protected void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry registry) {
-		registry.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		if (rxJava1Present) {
-			registry.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-		}
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -334,19 +323,17 @@ public class WebReactiveConfiguration implements ApplicationContextAware {
 
 	@Bean
 	public SimpleResultHandler simpleResultHandler() {
-		return new SimpleResultHandler(mvcConversionService());
+		return new SimpleResultHandler();
 	}
 
 	@Bean
 	public ResponseEntityResultHandler responseEntityResultHandler() {
-		return new ResponseEntityResultHandler(getMessageWriters(), mvcConversionService(),
+		return new ResponseEntityResultHandler(getMessageWriters(), mvcContentTypeResolver());
-				mvcContentTypeResolver());
 	}
 
 	@Bean
 	public ResponseBodyResultHandler responseBodyResultHandler() {
-		return new ResponseBodyResultHandler(getMessageWriters(), mvcConversionService(),
+		return new ResponseBodyResultHandler(getMessageWriters(), mvcContentTypeResolver());
-				mvcContentTypeResolver());
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -405,7 +392,7 @@ public class WebReactiveConfiguration implements ApplicationContextAware {
 		ViewResolverRegistry registry = new ViewResolverRegistry(getApplicationContext());
 		configureViewResolvers(registry);
 		List<ViewResolver> resolvers = registry.getViewResolvers();
-		ViewResolutionResultHandler handler = new ViewResolutionResultHandler(resolvers, mvcConversionService());
+		ViewResolutionResultHandler handler = new ViewResolutionResultHandler(resolvers, mvcContentTypeResolver());
 		handler.setDefaultViews(registry.getDefaultViews());
 		handler.setOrder(registry.getOrder());
 		return handler;

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerMapping;
@@ -43,28 +43,32 @@ public abstract class ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport implements Ordered
 	private static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_APPLICATION_ALL = new MediaType("application");
 
 
-	private final ConversionService conversionService;
-
 	private final RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver;
 
+	private final ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry;
+
 	private int order = LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
 
 
-	protected ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport(ConversionService conversionService,
+	protected ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport(RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
-			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+		this(contentTypeResolver, new ReactiveAdapterRegistry());
+	}
+
+	protected ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport(RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver,
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		Assert.notNull(conversionService, "'conversionService' is required.");
 		Assert.notNull(contentTypeResolver, "'contentTypeResolver' is required.");
-		this.conversionService = conversionService;
+		Assert.notNull(adapterRegistry, "'adapterRegistry' is required.");
 		this.contentTypeResolver = contentTypeResolver;
+		this.adapterRegistry = adapterRegistry;
 	}
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Return the configured {@link ConversionService}.
+	 * Return the configured {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
 	 */
-	public ConversionService getConversionService() {
+	public ReactiveAdapterRegistry getReactiveAdapterRegistry() {
-		return this.conversionService;
+		return this.adapterRegistry;
 	}
 
 	/**

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/SimpleResultHandler.java

@@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ package org.springframework.web.reactive.result;
 
 import java.util.Optional;
 
-import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResultHandler;
@@ -45,27 +43,26 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
  */
 public class SimpleResultHandler implements Ordered, HandlerResultHandler {
 
-	protected static final TypeDescriptor MONO_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Mono.class);
+	private ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry;
-
-	protected static final TypeDescriptor FLUX_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Flux.class);
-
-
-	private ConversionService conversionService;
 
 	private int order = Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
 
 
-	public SimpleResultHandler(ConversionService conversionService) {
+	public SimpleResultHandler() {
-		Assert.notNull(conversionService, "'conversionService' is required.");
+		this.adapterRegistry = new ReactiveAdapterRegistry();
-		this.conversionService = conversionService;
+	}
+
+	public SimpleResultHandler(ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
+		Assert.notNull(adapterRegistry, "'adapterRegistry' is required.");
+		this.adapterRegistry = adapterRegistry;
 	}
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Return the configured {@link ConversionService}.
+	 * Return the configured {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
 	 */
-	public ConversionService getConversionService() {
+	public ReactiveAdapterRegistry getAdapterRegistry() {
-		return this.conversionService;
+		return this.adapterRegistry;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -88,37 +85,28 @@ public class SimpleResultHandler implements Ordered, HandlerResultHandler {
 	@Override
 	public boolean supports(HandlerResult result) {
 		ResolvableType type = result.getReturnType();
-		if (Void.TYPE.equals(type.getRawClass())) {
+		Class<?> rawClass = type.getRawClass();
+		if (Void.TYPE.equals(rawClass)) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		TypeDescriptor source = new TypeDescriptor(result.getReturnTypeSource());
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(rawClass, result.getReturnValue());
-		if (Publisher.class.isAssignableFrom(type.getRawClass()) ||
+		if (adapter != null) {
-				canConvert(source, MONO_TYPE) || canConvert(source, FLUX_TYPE)) {
+			Class<?> clazz = type.getGeneric(0).getRawClass();
-			Class<?> clazz = result.getReturnType().getGeneric(0).getRawClass();
 			return Void.class.equals(clazz);
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	private boolean canConvert(TypeDescriptor source, TypeDescriptor target) {
-		return getConversionService().canConvert(source, target);
-	}
-
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 	@Override
 	public Mono<Void> handleResult(ServerWebExchange exchange, HandlerResult result) {
-		Optional<Object> optional = result.getReturnValue();
+		Optional<Object> optionalValue = result.getReturnValue();
-		if (!optional.isPresent()) {
+		if (!optionalValue.isPresent()) {
 			return Mono.empty();
 		}
-		Object value = optional.get();
+		Class<?> returnType = result.getReturnType().getRawClass();
-		if (Publisher.class.isAssignableFrom(result.getReturnType().getRawClass())) {
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(returnType, optionalValue);
-			return Mono.from((Publisher<?>) value).then();
+		return adapter.toMono(optionalValue);
-		}
-		TypeDescriptor source = new TypeDescriptor(result.getReturnTypeSource());
-		return canConvert(source, MONO_TYPE) ?
-				((Mono<Void>) getConversionService().convert(value, source, MONO_TYPE)) :
-				((Flux<Void>) getConversionService().convert(value, source, FLUX_TYPE)).single();
 	}
 
 }

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver.java

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.Conventions;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageReader;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
@@ -57,34 +57,39 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.UnsupportedMediaTypeStatusException;
  */
 public abstract class AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver {
 
-	private static final TypeDescriptor MONO_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Mono.class);
-
-	private static final TypeDescriptor FLUX_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Flux.class);
-
-
 	private final List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders;
 
-	private final ConversionService conversionService;
-
 	private final Validator validator;
 
+	private final ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry;
+
 	private final List<MediaType> supportedMediaTypes;
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a ConversionService.
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageReader}'s and a {@link Validator}.
+	 * @param readers readers to convert from the request body
+	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
+	 */
+	protected AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers, Validator validator) {
+
+		this(readers, validator, new ReactiveAdapterRegistry());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructor that also accepts a {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
 	 * @param messageReaders readers to convert from the request body
-	 * @param service for converting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 */
 	protected AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders,
-			ConversionService service, Validator validator) {
+			Validator validator, ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		Assert.notEmpty(messageReaders, "At least one message reader is required.");
+		Assert.notEmpty(messageReaders, "At least one HttpMessageReader is required.");
-		Assert.notNull(service, "'conversionService' is required.");
+		Assert.notNull(adapterRegistry, "'adapterRegistry' is required");
 		this.messageReaders = messageReaders;
-		this.conversionService = service;
 		this.validator = validator;
+		this.adapterRegistry = adapterRegistry;
 		this.supportedMediaTypes = messageReaders.stream()
 				.flatMap(converter -> converter.getReadableMediaTypes().stream())
 				.collect(Collectors.toList());
@@ -99,22 +104,21 @@ public abstract class AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Return the configured {@link ConversionService}.
+	 * Return the configured {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
 	 */
-	public ConversionService getConversionService() {
+	public ReactiveAdapterRegistry getReactiveAdapterRegistry() {
-		return this.conversionService;
+		return this.adapterRegistry;
 	}
 
 
 	protected Mono<Object> readBody(MethodParameter bodyParameter, boolean isBodyRequired,
 			ServerWebExchange exchange) {
 
-		TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = new TypeDescriptor(bodyParameter);
+		Class<?> bodyType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(bodyParameter).resolve();
-		boolean convertFromMono = getConversionService().canConvert(MONO_TYPE, typeDescriptor);
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterTo(bodyType);
-		boolean convertFromFlux = getConversionService().canConvert(FLUX_TYPE, typeDescriptor);
 
 		ResolvableType elementType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(bodyParameter);
-		if (convertFromMono || convertFromFlux) {
+		if (adapter != null) {
 			elementType = elementType.getGeneric(0);
 		}
 
@@ -126,28 +130,28 @@ public abstract class AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver {
 
 		for (HttpMessageReader<?> reader : getMessageReaders()) {
 			if (reader.canRead(elementType, mediaType)) {
-				if (convertFromFlux) {
+				if (adapter != null && adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue()) {
 					Flux<?> flux = reader.read(elementType, request)
 							.onErrorResumeWith(ex -> Flux.error(getReadError(ex, bodyParameter)));
-					if (checkRequired(bodyParameter, isBodyRequired)) {
+					if (checkRequired(adapter, isBodyRequired)) {
 						flux = flux.switchIfEmpty(Flux.error(getRequiredBodyError(bodyParameter)));
 					}
 					if (this.validator != null) {
 						flux = flux.map(applyValidationIfApplicable(bodyParameter));
 					}
-					return Mono.just(getConversionService().convert(flux, FLUX_TYPE, typeDescriptor));
+					return Mono.just(adapter.fromPublisher(flux));
 				}
 				else {
 					Mono<?> mono = reader.readMono(elementType, request)
 							.otherwise(ex -> Mono.error(getReadError(ex, bodyParameter)));
-					if (checkRequired(bodyParameter, isBodyRequired)) {
+					if (checkRequired(adapter, isBodyRequired)) {
 						mono = mono.otherwiseIfEmpty(Mono.error(getRequiredBodyError(bodyParameter)));
 					}
 					if (this.validator != null) {
 						mono = mono.map(applyValidationIfApplicable(bodyParameter));
 					}
-					if (convertFromMono) {
+					if (adapter != null) {
-						return Mono.just(getConversionService().convert(mono, MONO_TYPE, typeDescriptor));
+						return Mono.just(adapter.fromPublisher(mono));
 					}
 					else {
 						return Mono.from(mono);
@@ -159,11 +163,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver {
 		return Mono.error(new UnsupportedMediaTypeStatusException(mediaType, this.supportedMediaTypes));
 	}
 
-	protected boolean checkRequired(MethodParameter bodyParameter, boolean isBodyRequired) {
+	protected boolean checkRequired(ReactiveAdapter adapter, boolean isBodyRequired) {
-		if ("rx.Single".equals(bodyParameter.getNestedParameterType().getName())) {
+		return adapter != null && !adapter.getDescriptor().supportsEmpty() || isBodyRequired;
-			return true;
-		}
-		return isBodyRequired;
 	}
 
 	protected ServerWebInputException getReadError(Throwable ex, MethodParameter parameter) {

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler.java

@@ -19,13 +19,12 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import org.reactivestreams.Publisher;
-import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageWriter;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
@@ -44,31 +43,42 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
  */
 public abstract class AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler extends ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport {
 
-	protected static final TypeDescriptor MONO_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Mono.class);
-
-	protected static final TypeDescriptor FLUX_TYPE = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Flux.class);
-
-
 	private final List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters;
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters, a {@code ConversionService}, and a
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageWriter}s and a
 	 * {@code RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
 	 *
 	 * @param messageWriters for serializing Objects to the response body stream
-	 * @param conversionService for converting other reactive types (e.g.
-	 * rx.Observable, rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
 	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
 	 */
 	protected AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
-			ConversionService conversionService, RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
 
-		super(conversionService, contentTypeResolver);
+		super(contentTypeResolver);
 		Assert.notEmpty(messageWriters, "At least one message writer is required.");
 		this.messageWriters = messageWriters;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Constructor with an additional {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
+	 *
+	 * @param messageWriters for serializing Objects to the response body stream
+	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting other reactive types (e.g. rx.Observable,
+	 * rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
+	 */
+	protected AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver,
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
+
+		super(contentTypeResolver, adapterRegistry);
+		Assert.notEmpty(messageWriters, "At least one message writer is required.");
+		this.messageWriters = messageWriters;
+	}
+
+
 	/**
 	 * Return the configured message converters.
 	 */
@@ -78,31 +88,20 @@ public abstract class AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler extends ContentNegotiat
 
 
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	protected Mono<Void> writeBody(ServerWebExchange exchange, Object body,
+	protected Mono<Void> writeBody(Object body, MethodParameter bodyType, ServerWebExchange exchange) {
-			ResolvableType bodyType, MethodParameter bodyTypeParameter) {
 
-		Publisher<?> publisher = null;
+		Class<?> bodyClass = bodyType.getParameterType();
-		ResolvableType elementType;
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(bodyClass, body);
 
-		if (Publisher.class.isAssignableFrom(bodyType.getRawClass())) {
+		Publisher<?> publisher;
-			publisher = (Publisher<?>) body;
+		ResolvableType elementType;
-		}
+		if (adapter != null) {
-		else {
+			publisher = adapter.toPublisher(body);
-			TypeDescriptor descriptor = new TypeDescriptor(bodyTypeParameter);
+			elementType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(bodyType).getGeneric(0);
-			if (getConversionService().canConvert(descriptor, MONO_TYPE)) {
-				publisher = (Publisher<?>) getConversionService().convert(body, descriptor, MONO_TYPE);
-			}
-			else if (getConversionService().canConvert(descriptor, FLUX_TYPE)) {
-				publisher = (Publisher<?>) getConversionService().convert(body, descriptor, FLUX_TYPE);
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (publisher != null) {
-			elementType = bodyType.getGeneric(0);
 		}
 		else {
-			elementType = bodyType;
 			publisher = Mono.justOrEmpty(body);
+			elementType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(bodyType);
 		}
 
 		if (void.class == elementType.getRawClass() || Void.class == elementType.getRawClass()) {

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/HttpEntityArgumentResolver.java

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ import java.util.List;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
@@ -45,26 +45,24 @@ public class HttpEntityArgumentResolver extends AbstractMessageReaderArgumentRes
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a ConversionService.
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageReader}'s and a {@link Validator}.
-	 * @param messageReaders readers for de-serializing the request body with
+	 * @param readers readers for de-serializing the request body with
-	 * @param service for converting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
+	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
 	 */
-	public HttpEntityArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders,
+	public HttpEntityArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers, Validator validator) {
-			ConversionService service) {
+		super(readers, validator);
-
-		this(messageReaders, service, null);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a ConversionService.
+	 * Constructor that also accepts a {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
-	 * @param messageReaders readers for de-serializing the request body with
+	 * @param readers readers for de-serializing the request body with
-	 * @param service for converting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 */
-	public HttpEntityArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders,
+	public HttpEntityArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers, Validator validator,
-			ConversionService service, Validator validator) {
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		super(messageReaders, service, validator);
+		super(readers, validator, adapterRegistry);
 	}
 
 
@@ -77,20 +75,9 @@ public class HttpEntityArgumentResolver extends AbstractMessageReaderArgumentRes
 	@Override
 	public Mono<Object> resolveArgument(MethodParameter param, ModelMap model, ServerWebExchange exchange) {
 
-		ResolvableType entityType;
+		ResolvableType entityType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(param);
-		MethodParameter bodyParameter;
+		MethodParameter bodyParameter = new MethodParameter(param);
-
+		bodyParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
-		if (getConversionService().canConvert(Mono.class, param.getParameterType())) {
-			entityType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(param).getGeneric(0);
-			bodyParameter = new MethodParameter(param);
-			bodyParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
-			bodyParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
-		}
-		else {
-			entityType = ResolvableType.forMethodParameter(param);
-			bodyParameter = new MethodParameter(param);
-			bodyParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
-		}
 
 		return readBody(bodyParameter, false, exchange)
 				.map(body -> createHttpEntity(body, entityType, exchange))

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/RequestBodyArgumentResolver.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageReader;
 import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
 import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
@@ -49,26 +49,24 @@ public class RequestBodyArgumentResolver extends AbstractMessageReaderArgumentRe
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a ConversionService.
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageReader}'s and a {@link Validator}.
-	 * @param messageReaders readers for de-serializing the request body with
+	 * @param readers readers for de-serializing the request body with
-	 * @param service for converting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
+	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
 	 */
-	public RequestBodyArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders,
+	public RequestBodyArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers, Validator validator) {
-			ConversionService service) {
+		super(readers, validator);
-
-		this(messageReaders, service, null);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a ConversionService.
+	 * Constructor that also accepts a {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
-	 * @param messageReaders readers for de-serializing the request body with
+	 * @param readers readers for de-serializing the request body with
-	 * @param service for converting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 * @param validator validator to validate decoded objects with
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting to other reactive types from Flux and Mono
 	 */
-	public RequestBodyArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders,
+	public RequestBodyArgumentResolver(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers, Validator validator,
-			ConversionService service, Validator validator) {
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		super(messageReaders, service, validator);
+		super(readers, validator, adapterRegistry);
 	}
 
 

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.ByteBufferDecoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringDecoder;
 import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
@@ -66,6 +67,8 @@ public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter implements HandlerAdapter, BeanFactory
 
 	private final List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders = new ArrayList<>(10);
 
+	private ReactiveAdapterRegistry reactiveAdapters = new ReactiveAdapterRegistry();
+
 	private ConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
 
 	private Validator validator;
@@ -126,6 +129,14 @@ public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter implements HandlerAdapter, BeanFactory
 		return this.messageReaders;
 	}
 
+	public void setReactiveAdapterRegistry(ReactiveAdapterRegistry registry) {
+		this.reactiveAdapters = registry;
+	}
+
+	public ReactiveAdapterRegistry getReactiveAdapterRegistry() {
+		return this.reactiveAdapters;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Configure a ConversionService for type conversion of controller method
 	 * arguments as well as for converting from different async types to
@@ -187,13 +198,15 @@ public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter implements HandlerAdapter, BeanFactory
 	protected List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> initArgumentResolvers() {
 		List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> resolvers = new ArrayList<>();
 
-		// Annotation-based argument resolution
 		ConversionService cs = getConversionService();
+		ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry = getReactiveAdapterRegistry();
+
+		// Annotation-based argument resolution
 		resolvers.add(new RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver(cs, getBeanFactory(), false));
 		resolvers.add(new RequestParamMapMethodArgumentResolver());
 		resolvers.add(new PathVariableMethodArgumentResolver(cs, getBeanFactory()));
 		resolvers.add(new PathVariableMapMethodArgumentResolver());
-		resolvers.add(new RequestBodyArgumentResolver(getMessageReaders(), cs, getValidator()));
+		resolvers.add(new RequestBodyArgumentResolver(getMessageReaders(), getValidator(), adapterRegistry));
 		resolvers.add(new RequestHeaderMethodArgumentResolver(cs, getBeanFactory()));
 		resolvers.add(new RequestHeaderMapMethodArgumentResolver());
 		resolvers.add(new CookieValueMethodArgumentResolver(cs, getBeanFactory()));
@@ -202,6 +215,7 @@ public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter implements HandlerAdapter, BeanFactory
 		resolvers.add(new RequestAttributeMethodArgumentResolver(cs , getBeanFactory()));
 
 		// Type-based argument resolution
+		resolvers.add(new HttpEntityArgumentResolver(getMessageReaders(), getValidator(), adapterRegistry));
 		resolvers.add(new ModelArgumentResolver());
 
 		// Custom resolvers

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/ResponseBodyResultHandler.java

@@ -21,15 +21,14 @@ import java.util.List;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageWriter;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResultHandler;
-import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.HeaderContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.RequestedContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 
@@ -53,42 +52,41 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 public class ResponseBodyResultHandler extends AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler
 		implements HandlerResultHandler {
 
+
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a {@code ConversionService} only
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageWriter}s and a
-	 * and creating a {@link HeaderContentTypeResolver}, i.e. using Accept header
+	 * {@code RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
-	 * to determine the requested content type.
 	 *
 	 * @param messageWriters writers for serializing to the response body stream
-	 * @param conversionService for converting to Flux and Mono from other reactive types
+	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
 	 */
 	public ResponseBodyResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
-			ConversionService conversionService) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
 
-		this(messageWriters, conversionService, new HeaderContentTypeResolver());
+		this(messageWriters, contentTypeResolver, new ReactiveAdapterRegistry());
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters, a {@code ConversionService}, and a
+	 * Constructor with an additional {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
-	 * {@code RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
 	 *
 	 * @param messageWriters writers for serializing to the response body stream
-	 * @param conversionService for converting other reactive types (e.g.
-	 * rx.Observable, rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
 	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting other reactive types (e.g. rx.Observable,
+	 * rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
 	 */
 	public ResponseBodyResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
-			ConversionService conversionService, RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver,
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		super(messageWriters, conversionService, contentTypeResolver);
+		super(messageWriters, contentTypeResolver, adapterRegistry);
 		setOrder(100);
 	}
 
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supports(HandlerResult result) {
-		ResolvableType returnType = result.getReturnType();
 		MethodParameter parameter = result.getReturnTypeSource();
-		return hasResponseBodyAnnotation(parameter) && !isHttpEntityType(returnType);
+		return hasResponseBodyAnnotation(parameter) && !isHttpEntityType(result);
 	}
 
 	private boolean hasResponseBodyAnnotation(MethodParameter parameter) {
@@ -97,26 +95,27 @@ public class ResponseBodyResultHandler extends AbstractMessageWriterResultHandle
 				parameter.getMethodAnnotation(ResponseBody.class) != null);
 	}
 
-	private boolean isHttpEntityType(ResolvableType returnType) {
+	private boolean isHttpEntityType(HandlerResult result) {
-		if (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(returnType.getRawClass())) {
+		Class<?> rawClass = result.getReturnType().getRawClass();
+		if (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(rawClass)) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		else if (getConversionService().canConvert(returnType.getRawClass(), Mono.class)) {
+		else {
-			ResolvableType genericType = returnType.getGeneric(0);
+			if (getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(rawClass, result.getReturnValue()) != null) {
-			if (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(genericType.getRawClass())) {
+				ResolvableType genericType = result.getReturnType().getGeneric(0);
-				return true;
+				if (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(genericType.getRawClass())) {
+					return true;
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
 
-
 	@Override
 	public Mono<Void> handleResult(ServerWebExchange exchange, HandlerResult result) {
 		Object body = result.getReturnValue().orElse(null);
-		ResolvableType bodyType = result.getReturnType();
 		MethodParameter bodyTypeParameter = result.getReturnTypeSource();
-		return writeBody(exchange, body, bodyType, bodyTypeParameter);
+		return writeBody(body, bodyTypeParameter, exchange);
 	}
 
 }

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/ResponseEntityResultHandler.java

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
@@ -31,7 +32,6 @@ import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageWriter;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResultHandler;
-import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.HeaderContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.RequestedContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 
@@ -47,52 +47,55 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 public class ResponseEntityResultHandler extends AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler
 		implements HandlerResultHandler {
 
+
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters and a {@code ConversionService} only
+	 * Constructor with {@link HttpMessageWriter}s and a
-	 * and creating a {@link HeaderContentTypeResolver}, i.e. using Accept header
+	 * {@code RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
-	 * to determine the requested content type.
 	 *
 	 * @param messageWriters writers for serializing to the response body stream
-	 * @param conversionService for converting to Flux and Mono from other reactive types
+	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
 	 */
 	public ResponseEntityResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
-			ConversionService conversionService) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
 
-		this(messageWriters, conversionService, new HeaderContentTypeResolver());
+		this(messageWriters, contentTypeResolver, new ReactiveAdapterRegistry());
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with message converters, a {@code ConversionService}, and a
+	 * Constructor with an additional {@link ReactiveAdapterRegistry}.
-	 * {@code RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
 	 *
 	 * @param messageWriters writers for serializing to the response body stream
-	 * @param conversionService for converting other reactive types (e.g.
-	 * rx.Observable, rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
 	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting other reactive types (e.g. rx.Observable,
+	 * rx.Single, etc.) to Flux or Mono
 	 */
 	public ResponseEntityResultHandler(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters,
-			ConversionService conversionService, RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver,
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		super(messageWriters, conversionService, contentTypeResolver);
+		super(messageWriters, contentTypeResolver, adapterRegistry);
 		setOrder(0);
 	}
 
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supports(HandlerResult result) {
-		ResolvableType returnType = result.getReturnType();
+		Class<?> returnType = result.getReturnType().getRawClass();
 		if (isSupportedType(returnType)) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		else if (getConversionService().canConvert(returnType.getRawClass(), Mono.class)) {
+		else {
-			ResolvableType genericType = result.getReturnType().getGeneric(0);
+			Optional<Object> returnValue = result.getReturnValue();
-			return isSupportedType(genericType);
+			ReactiveAdapter adapter = getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(returnType, returnValue);
+			if (adapter != null && !adapter.getDescriptor().isMultiValue()) {
+				ResolvableType genericType = result.getReturnType().getGeneric(0);
+				return isSupportedType(genericType.getRawClass());
+			}
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	private boolean isSupportedType(ResolvableType returnType) {
+	private boolean isSupportedType(Class<?> clazz) {
-		Class<?> clazz = returnType.getRawClass();
 		return (HttpEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz) && !RequestEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz));
 	}
 
@@ -101,25 +104,24 @@ public class ResponseEntityResultHandler extends AbstractMessageWriterResultHand
 	public Mono<Void> handleResult(ServerWebExchange exchange, HandlerResult result) {
 
 		ResolvableType returnType = result.getReturnType();
-
+		MethodParameter bodyType;
-		ResolvableType bodyType;
-		MethodParameter bodyTypeParameter;
 
 		Mono<?> returnValueMono;
-		Optional<Object> optional = result.getReturnValue();
+		Optional<Object> optionalValue = result.getReturnValue();
-
+
-		if (optional.isPresent() && getConversionService().canConvert(returnType.getRawClass(), Mono.class)) {
+		Class<?> rawClass = returnType.getRawClass();
-			returnValueMono = getConversionService().convert(optional.get(), Mono.class);
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(rawClass, optionalValue);
-			bodyType = returnType.getGeneric(0, 0);
+
-			bodyTypeParameter = new MethodParameter(result.getReturnTypeSource());
+		if (adapter != null) {
-			bodyTypeParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
+			returnValueMono = adapter.toMono(optionalValue);
-			bodyTypeParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
+			bodyType = new MethodParameter(result.getReturnTypeSource());
+			bodyType.increaseNestingLevel();
+			bodyType.increaseNestingLevel();
 		}
 		else {
-			returnValueMono = Mono.justOrEmpty(optional);
+			returnValueMono = Mono.justOrEmpty(optionalValue);
-			bodyType = returnType.getGeneric(0);
+			bodyType = new MethodParameter(result.getReturnTypeSource());
-			bodyTypeParameter = new MethodParameter(result.getReturnTypeSource());
+			bodyType.increaseNestingLevel();
-			bodyTypeParameter.increaseNestingLevel();
 		}
 
 		return returnValueMono.then(returnValue -> {
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ public class ResponseEntityResultHandler extends AbstractMessageWriterResultHand
 						.forEach(entry -> responseHeaders.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
 			}
 
-			return writeBody(exchange, httpEntity.getBody(), bodyType, bodyTypeParameter);
+			return writeBody(httpEntity.getBody(), bodyType, exchange);
 		});
 	}
 

spring-web-reactive/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/view/ViewResolutionResultHandler.java

@@ -31,16 +31,16 @@ import org.springframework.core.Conventions;
 import org.springframework.core.GenericTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapter;
+import org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAwareOrderComparator;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.ui.Model;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResultHandler;
-import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.HeaderContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.RequestedContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupport;
 import org.springframework.web.server.NotAcceptableStatusException;
@@ -84,26 +84,28 @@ public class ViewResolutionResultHandler extends ContentNegotiatingResultHandler
 
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructor with {@code ViewResolver}s and a {@code ConversionService} only
+	 * Constructor with {@link ViewResolver}s and a {@link RequestedContentTypeResolver}.
-	 * and creating a {@link HeaderContentTypeResolver}, i.e. using Accept header
-	 * to determine the requested content type.
 	 * @param resolvers the resolver to use
-	 * @param conversionService for converting other reactive types (e.g. rx.Single) to Mono
+	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
 	 */
-	public ViewResolutionResultHandler(List<ViewResolver> resolvers, ConversionService conversionService) {
+	public ViewResolutionResultHandler(List<ViewResolver> resolvers,
-		this(resolvers, conversionService, new HeaderContentTypeResolver());
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+
+		this(resolvers, contentTypeResolver, new ReactiveAdapterRegistry());
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor with {@code ViewResolver}s tand a {@code ConversionService}.
 	 * @param resolvers the resolver to use
-	 * @param conversionService for converting other reactive types (e.g. rx.Single) to Mono
 	 * @param contentTypeResolver for resolving the requested content type
+	 * @param adapterRegistry for adapting from other reactive types (e.g.
+	 * rx.Single) to Mono
 	 */
-	public ViewResolutionResultHandler(List<ViewResolver> resolvers, ConversionService conversionService,
+	public ViewResolutionResultHandler(List<ViewResolver> resolvers,
-			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
+			RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver,
+			ReactiveAdapterRegistry adapterRegistry) {
 
-		super(conversionService, contentTypeResolver);
+		super(contentTypeResolver, adapterRegistry);
 		this.viewResolvers.addAll(resolvers);
 		AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(this.viewResolvers);
 	}
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ public class ViewResolutionResultHandler extends ContentNegotiatingResultHandler
 		if (isSupportedType(clazz)) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		if (getConversionService().canConvert(clazz, Mono.class)) {
+		if (getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(clazz, result.getReturnValue()) != null) {
 			clazz = result.getReturnType().getGeneric(0).getRawClass();
 			return isSupportedType(clazz);
 		}
@@ -168,10 +170,12 @@ public class ViewResolutionResultHandler extends ContentNegotiatingResultHandler
 		ResolvableType elementType;
 		ResolvableType returnType = result.getReturnType();
 
-		if (getConversionService().canConvert(returnType.getRawClass(), Mono.class)) {
+		Class<?> rawClass = returnType.getRawClass();
-			Optional<Object> optionalValue = result.getReturnValue();
+		Optional<Object> optionalValue = result.getReturnValue();
+		ReactiveAdapter adapter = getReactiveAdapterRegistry().getAdapterFrom(rawClass, optionalValue);
+		if (adapter != null) {
 			if (optionalValue.isPresent()) {
-				Mono<?> converted = getConversionService().convert(optionalValue.get(), Mono.class);
+				Mono<?> converted = adapter.toMono(optionalValue);
 				valueMono = converted.map(o -> o);
 			}
 			else {

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/DispatcherHandlerErrorTests.java

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringEncoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.DefaultConversionService;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
+import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.HeaderContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.method.annotation.ResponseBodyResultHandler;
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ public class DispatcherHandlerErrorTests {
 		public ResponseBodyResultHandler resultHandler() {
 			return new ResponseBodyResultHandler(
 					Collections.singletonList(new EncoderHttpMessageWriter<>(new StringEncoder())),
-					new DefaultConversionService());
+					new HeaderContentTypeResolver());
 		}
 
 		@Bean

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupportTests.java

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import java.util.Set;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.GenericConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpRequest;
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ public class ContentNegotiatingResultHandlerSupportTests {
 		}
 
 		public TestResultHandler(RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver) {
-			super(new GenericConversionService(), contentTypeResolver);
+			super(contentTypeResolver);
 		}
 	}
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/SimpleResultHandlerTests.java

@@ -27,10 +27,6 @@ import rx.Observable;
 
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@@ -47,10 +43,7 @@ public class SimpleResultHandlerTests {
 
 	@Before
 	public void setUp() throws Exception {
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
+		this.resultHandler = new SimpleResultHandler();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-		this.resultHandler = new SimpleResultHandler(service);
 	}
 
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/SimpleUrlHandlerMappingIntegrationTests.java

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.DefaultConversionService;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
@@ -147,7 +146,7 @@ public class SimpleUrlHandlerMappingIntegrationTests extends AbstractHttpHandler
 
 		@Bean
 		public SimpleResultHandler resultHandler() {
-			return new SimpleResultHandler(new DefaultConversionService());
+			return new SimpleResultHandler();
 		}
 	}
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/HttpEntityArgumentResolverTests.java

@@ -35,12 +35,8 @@ import rx.Single;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringDecoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
@@ -50,14 +46,20 @@ import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageReader;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpRequest;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpResponse;
 import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap;
+import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.ResolvableMethod;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebInputException;
 import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.DefaultServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.MockWebSessionManager;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link HttpEntityArgumentResolver}.When adding a test also
@@ -87,12 +89,7 @@ public class HttpEntityArgumentResolverTests {
 	private HttpEntityArgumentResolver createResolver() {
 		List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers = new ArrayList<>();
 		readers.add(new DecoderHttpMessageReader<>(new StringDecoder()));
-
+		return new HttpEntityArgumentResolver(readers, mock(Validator.class));
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-
-		return new HttpEntityArgumentResolver(readers, service);
 	}
 
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/MessageReaderArgumentResolverTests.java

@@ -42,12 +42,8 @@ import rx.Single;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.Decoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.codec.json.JacksonJsonDecoder;
@@ -66,8 +62,12 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.UnsupportedMediaTypeStatusException;
 import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.DefaultServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.MockWebSessionManager;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
-import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClass;
+import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver}.
@@ -275,15 +275,9 @@ public class MessageReaderArgumentResolverTests {
 
 	@SuppressWarnings("Convert2MethodRef")
 	private AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver resolver(Decoder<?>... decoders) {
-
 		List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers = new ArrayList<>();
 		Arrays.asList(decoders).forEach(decoder -> readers.add(new DecoderHttpMessageReader<>(decoder)));
-
+		return new AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver(readers, new TestBeanValidator()) {};
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-
-		return new AbstractMessageReaderArgumentResolver(readers, service, new TestBeanValidator()) {};
 	}
 
 	private DataBuffer dataBuffer(String body) {

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/MessageWriterResultHandlerTests.java

@@ -41,9 +41,6 @@ import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.ByteBufferEncoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringEncoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.GenericConversionService;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.support.DataBufferTestUtils;
@@ -64,9 +61,11 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.DefaultServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.MockWebSessionManager;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
-import static org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerMapping.*;
+import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
+import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8;
+import static org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler}.
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 	public void useDefaultContentType() throws Exception {
 		Resource body = new ClassPathResource("logo.png", getClass());
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forType(Resource.class);
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertEquals("image/x-png", this.response.getHeaders().getFirst("Content-Type"));
 	}
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 
 		String body = "foo";
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forType(String.class);
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertEquals(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, this.response.getHeaders().getContentType());
 	}
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 	}
 
 	private void testVoidReturnType(Object body, ResolvableType type) {
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertNull(this.response.getHeaders().get("Content-Type"));
 		assertNull(this.response.getBody());
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forType(OutputStream.class);
 
 		HttpMessageWriter<?> writer = new EncoderHttpMessageWriter<>(new ByteBufferEncoder());
-		Mono<Void> mono = createResultHandler(writer).writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type));
+		Mono<Void> mono = createResultHandler(writer).writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange);
 
 		TestSubscriber.subscribe(mono).assertError(IllegalStateException.class);
 	}
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 	public void jacksonTypeOfListElement() throws Exception {
 		List<ParentClass> body = Arrays.asList(new Foo("foo"), new Bar("bar"));
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(List.class, ParentClass.class);
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertEquals(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, this.response.getHeaders().getContentType());
 		assertResponseBody("[{\"type\":\"foo\",\"parentProperty\":\"foo\"}," +
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 	public void jacksonTypeWithSubType() throws Exception {
 		SimpleBean body = new SimpleBean(123L, "foo");
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forClass(Identifiable.class);
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertEquals(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, this.response.getHeaders().getContentType());
 		assertResponseBody("{\"id\":123,\"name\":\"foo\"}");
@@ -161,7 +160,7 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 	public void jacksonTypeWithSubTypeOfListElement() throws Exception {
 		List<SimpleBean> body = Arrays.asList(new SimpleBean(123L, "foo"), new SimpleBean(456L, "bar"));
 		ResolvableType type = ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(List.class, Identifiable.class);
-		this.resultHandler.writeBody(this.exchange, body, type, returnType(type)).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
+		this.resultHandler.writeBody(body, returnType(type), this.exchange).block(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
 
 		assertEquals(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, this.response.getHeaders().getContentType());
 		assertResponseBody("[{\"id\":123,\"name\":\"foo\"},{\"id\":456,\"name\":\"bar\"}]");
@@ -185,14 +184,8 @@ public class MessageWriterResultHandlerTests {
 		else {
 			writerList = Arrays.asList(writers);
 		}
-
-		GenericConversionService service = new GenericConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-
 		RequestedContentTypeResolver resolver = new RequestedContentTypeResolverBuilder().build();
-
+		return new AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler(writerList, resolver) {};
-		return new AbstractMessageWriterResultHandler(writerList, service, resolver) {};
 	}
 
 	private void assertResponseBody(String responseBody) {

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/RequestBodyArgumentResolverTests.java

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ package org.springframework.web.reactive.result.method.annotation;
 
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -38,18 +37,15 @@ import rx.Single;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringDecoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.DecoderHttpMessageReader;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.reactive.HttpMessageReader;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpRequest;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpResponse;
 import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap;
+import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.ResolvableMethod;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
@@ -62,6 +58,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClass;
 import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics;
 
@@ -93,12 +90,7 @@ public class RequestBodyArgumentResolverTests {
 	private RequestBodyArgumentResolver resolver() {
 		List<HttpMessageReader<?>> readers = new ArrayList<>();
 		readers.add(new DecoderHttpMessageReader<>(new StringDecoder()));
-
+		return new RequestBodyArgumentResolver(readers, mock(Validator.class));
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-
-		return new RequestBodyArgumentResolver(readers, service);
 	}
 
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/ResponseBodyResultHandlerTests.java

@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
 import org.springframework.core.codec.ByteBufferEncoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringEncoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.DefaultConversionService;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
 import org.springframework.http.codec.json.JacksonJsonEncoder;
@@ -99,12 +94,8 @@ public class ResponseBodyResultHandlerTests {
 		else {
 			writerList = Arrays.asList(writers);
 		}
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
 		RequestedContentTypeResolver resolver = new RequestedContentTypeResolverBuilder().build();
-
+		return new ResponseBodyResultHandler(writerList, resolver);
-		return new ResponseBodyResultHandler(writerList, new DefaultConversionService(), resolver);
 	}
 
 	@Test

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/method/annotation/ResponseEntityResultHandlerTests.java

@@ -34,11 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.ByteBufferEncoder;
 import org.springframework.core.codec.StringEncoder;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.support.DataBufferTestUtils;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
@@ -59,8 +55,11 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.DefaultServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.MockWebSessionManager;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.springframework.core.ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link ResponseEntityResultHandler}. When adding a test also
@@ -100,14 +99,8 @@ public class ResponseEntityResultHandlerTests {
 		else {
 			writerList = Arrays.asList(writers);
 		}
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
-
-
 		RequestedContentTypeResolver resolver = new RequestedContentTypeResolverBuilder().build();
-
+		return new ResponseEntityResultHandler(writerList, resolver);
-		return new ResponseEntityResultHandler(writerList, service, resolver);
 	}
 
 

spring-web-reactive/src/test/java/org/springframework/web/reactive/result/view/ViewResolutionResultHandlerTests.java

@@ -38,13 +38,9 @@ import rx.Single;
 import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
 import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
 import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.MonoToCompletableFutureConverter;
-import org.springframework.core.convert.support.ReactorToRxJava1Converter;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DefaultDataBufferFactory;
 import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.support.DataBufferTestUtils;
-import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
-import org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.MockServerHttpRequest;
@@ -55,6 +51,8 @@ import org.springframework.ui.Model;
 import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.HandlerResult;
+import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.HeaderContentTypeResolver;
+import org.springframework.web.reactive.accept.RequestedContentTypeResolver;
 import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.ResolvableMethod;
 import org.springframework.web.server.NotAcceptableStatusException;
 import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
@@ -62,9 +60,10 @@ import org.springframework.web.server.adapter.DefaultServerWebExchange;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.DefaultWebSessionManager;
 import org.springframework.web.server.session.WebSessionManager;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
-import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link ViewResolutionResultHandler}.
@@ -247,12 +246,9 @@ public class ViewResolutionResultHandlerTests {
 	}
 
 	private ViewResolutionResultHandler createResultHandler(List<View> defaultViews, ViewResolver... resolvers) {
-		FormattingConversionService service = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-		service.addConverter(new MonoToCompletableFutureConverter());
-		service.addConverter(new ReactorToRxJava1Converter());
 		List<ViewResolver> resolverList = Arrays.asList(resolvers);
-
+		RequestedContentTypeResolver contentTypeResolver = new HeaderContentTypeResolver();
-		ViewResolutionResultHandler handler = new ViewResolutionResultHandler(resolverList, service);
+		ViewResolutionResultHandler handler = new ViewResolutionResultHandler(resolverList, contentTypeResolver);
 		handler.setDefaultViews(defaultViews);
 		return handler;
 	}